ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous manifestations have been included in COVID-19 patients' clinical spectrum. Our objective was to determine the association between skin lesions in children and SARS-CoV2 infection, analyzing others possible infectious/autoimmune etiologies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study, about children with skin manifestations from April to May 2020. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV2 was performed by PCR in nasopharyngeal exudate and/or presence of antibodies by serology. RESULTS: Sixty-two children were included, 9 (14.5%) presented positive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, with no positive PCR to SARS-Cov-2 in those patients in whom it was made. Patients with positive serology to SARS-CoV-2 presented chilblains and/or vesicular-bullous skin lesions more frequently (66.7% vs. 24.5%, p = 0.019). Generalized, urticarial and maculopapular rash was more common in patients with negative antibodies (37.7 vs. 0%, p = 0.047), others pathogens were isolated in 41.5% of these patients. There were no significant differences in the positivity for autoantibodies between both groups. CONCLUSION: In our study, the presence of chilblains-like and/or vesicular lesions were significantly related to SARS-CoV2 previous contact.
INTRODUCCIÓN: Las manifestaciones cutáneas se han incluido en el espectro clínico de los pacientes con COVID-19. Nuestro objetivo fue determinar la asociación entre las lesiones cutáneas observadas en niños durante la primera ola de la pandemia y la infección por SARS-CoV-2, analizando otras posibles etiologías infecciosas o autoinmunes. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio observacional, multicéntrico, de corte transversal, desarrollado en niños con manifestaciones cutáneas desde abril hasta mayo de 2020. La determinación de SARS-CoV-2 se realizó mediante PCR en exudado nasofaríngeo y/o serología. RESULTADOS: Se seleccionó a 62 niños; 9 (14,5%) presentaron serología positiva para SARS-CoV-2, siendo la PCR negativa en todos los casos en los que se realizó. Los pacientes con serología positiva para SARS-CoV-2 presentaron con más frecuencia lesiones pernióticas y/o vesiculosas (66,7 vs. 24,5%; p = 0,019). El exantema generalizado, urticarial y maculopapuloso fue más habitual en el grupo de pacientes con serología negativa (37,7 vs. 0%; p = 0,047); se aislaron otros patógenos en el 41,5%. No hubo diferencias significativas en cuanto a la positividad de autoanticuerpos entre ambos grupos. CONCLUSIÓN: En nuestro estudio, las lesiones de tipo perniosis o vesiculosas se relacionaron significativamente con el contacto previo con SARS-CoV-2.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Cutaneous manifestations have been included in COVID-19 patients' clinical spectrum. Our objective was to determine the association between skin lesions in children and SARS-CoV-2 infection, analyzing others possible infectious/autoimmune etiologies. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Observational, multicenter, cross-sectional study, about children with skin manifestations from April to May 2020. The diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 was performed by PCR in nasopharyngeal exudate and/or presence of antibodies by serology. RESULTS: Sixty-two children were included, 9 (14.5%) presented positive antibodies to SARS-CoV-2, with no positive PCR to SARS-Cov-2 in those patients in whom it was made. Patients with positive serology to SARS-CoV-2 presented chilblains and/or vesicular-bullous skin lesions more frequently (66.7% vs. 24.5%, p=0.019). Generalized, urticarial and maculopapular rash was more common in patients with negative antibodies (37.7 vs. 0%, p=0.047), others pathogens were isolated in 41.5% of these patients. There were no significant differences in the positivity for autoantibodies between both groups. CONCLUSION: In our study, the presence of chilblains-like and/or vesicular lesions were significantly related to SARS-CoV-2 previous contact.